So many times I've been stumped by the differences between Deductive Reasoning vs Inductive Reasoning, and this reading finally made it clear. How long I remember the difference is a completely different story, but at least I have it down right now.

Deductive: (shortened down) drawing a conclusion from broad to specific.
i.e. Horses have hooves. Black Beauty is a horse. Thus, Black Beauty has hooves.

Inductive: (also shortened) drawing a conclusion from specific to broad.
i.e. Black Beauty has hooves, Black Beauty is a horse. That horse over there has hooves too. All horses have hooves!

The example is lame, I know, but further - deduction can be mixed in with ethos or pathos. I've seen this in motion, but never recognized it as a writing strategy before. And I never understood the weaknesses each type of reasoning had, but having them marked in italics really helped but things into perspective and hopefully will improve the structure of any arguments I write in the future.