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English 420, "Business Writing"
Instructor Name: Tom Ghering
Sections: (7:30): 02 01 (8:30): 03 01 (9:30): 06 01
Office Hrs: W 11:30-12:30 and by appt.
Office: Heavilon 413
Ph: 765.494.3761 (do NOT leave time-sensitive messages here)
Fax: 765.494.3780
E-Mail: (far and away the best way to contact me): tghering@purdue.edu
English 420 teaches students the rhetorical principles and writing practices necessary for producing effective business letters, memos, reports, and collaborative projects in professional contexts. The curriculum is informed by current research in rhetoric and professional writing and is guided by the needs and practices of business, industry, and society at large, as well as by the expectations of Purdue students and programs. All sections of English 420 are offered in networked computer classrooms or exclusively online to ensure that students taking the course are prepared for the writing environment of the 21st-century workplace. The course teaches the rhetorical principles that help students shape their business writing ethically, for multiple audiences, in a variety of professional situations.
Professional Writing Online 2nd Edition, by Johndan Johnson-Eilola, Patricia Sullivan, and James Porter. Boston: Allyn & Bacon/Longman, 2004.
Students can purchase access to the book on the Web or at the student bookstores at Purdue.
Here's what you need to do to purchase online:
Here's what you need to do to purchase at a Purdue bookstore:
Regardless of how you choose to purchase your text, be sure to get an unopened copy of the guide because used password codes are not transferable. Keep your receipt in case your password fails to work and see me immediately. Passwords cannot be shared. As always, if you have any questions, let me know.
Please note that additional readings will be made available online through the course site. Readings will either be linked externally to other sites or linked internally as PDFs. Students should always make sure that they are able to download the readings. If not, they should make use of computers on campus to insure that they have the readings.
Much of the work for this course will be completed online. Project drafts, reading responses and other assignments are managed through the course site. Students, throughout the semester, will engage one another on the course site as well. Familiarity with and knowledge of the workings of the course site are crucial to student success. Additional technology concerns are discussed below. It is important for students to recognize that “problems” with technology are no longer automatically accepted excuses.
Note: be prudent and professional when selecting a user name for the site. In creating a user name, avoid using a Purdue Career Account alias and maintain professional decorum.
Writing in Context
Analyze professional cultures, social contexts, and audiences to determine how they shape the various purposes and forms of workplace writing, such as persuasion, organizational communication, and public discourse, with an emphasis on:
Project Management
Document Design
Make rhetorical design decisions about workplace documents, including:
Teamwork
Learn and apply strategies for successful teamwork and collaboration, such as:
Research
Understand and use various research methods to produce professional documents, including:
Technology
Use and evaluate the writing technologies frequently used in the workplace, such as emailing, instant messaging, image editing, video editing, presentation design and delivery, HTML editing, Web browsing, content management, and desktop publishing technologies.
You will be asked to locate a job for which you are qualified and apply for it. Step 1 of the project asks you to learn about and use various web-based resources for job seekers and ultimately to select one job to pursue. Step 2 asks you to prepare the all-important "Job Application Letter." Step 3 asks you to prepare a resume suitable for such a position. In Step 4, you will assess your experience in a "Project Assessment Document." In the process of completing each step, you will work closely with your peers and me to shape your writing so that it represents you and your experience fully and effectively, given the rhetorical circumstances. You will also study and respond to examples from the textbook. (Individual: 25% of course grade.)
The focus of Project 2 is the white paper, a common report genre in the professional world. White papers are used in business, industrial, and governmental contexts to sum up the gist of what’s known about a subject and, often, to market a product. During this project you will learn about:
All group members will keep a project log and submit Collaborative Project Evaluation forms.
(Collaborative: 20% of course grade.)
For Project 3, you will work collaboratively in project teams on a client-based service-learning project that teaches you to manage complex writing challenges in real contexts that matter. You will learn principles of project management, collaboration, document cycling, and client-based research. Because you will work with real clients--either in the community or online, you will also learn important principles of professional and ethical communication. (Collaborative: 25% of course grade.)
Much of your writing for this class will be posted publicly on the Internet to your individual weblog or our community weblog home page. Weblog posting assignments will include drafts, project logs, and research notes, among other types of content. The calendar specifies what you should post to your weblog and by when, so let that be your guide.
Although we will have many readings each week, you are responsible for writing one, 300-word blog post as a reading response. The reading responses will function to synthesize the readings and your reactions to them, much like class discussion.
All comments and replies to another's blog post should follow effective rhetorical strategies for networking with others on the Web. (Readings from the course text provide guidelines to follow.)
|
Employment Project |
25 |
|
White Paper Project (collaborative) |
20 |
|
Client-Based Service Learning Project (collaborative) |
25 |
|
Weblogs, Reading Responses, Project Logs, Peer Review, etc. |
30 |
|
Total |
100% |
The three major projects in the course will be comprised of several components, each of which will be worth a percentage of your final grade. For the two collaborative projects, students will complete the required Collaborative Evaluation Form.
All major assignments will be graded on the standard letter-grade scale: A=100-90 B=89-80 C=79-70 D=69-60 F=59 or below.
Students must participate in all of the three major projects and complete a majority of the required weblog posting assignments in order to pass this class.
This portion of your grade will be based on
In order to participate fully in the course, you should already be able to use the technology platform and applications listed below.
Familiarity with certain technologies is crucial for participation and success in the course. If you need any assistance now or at any point during the semester, please do not hesitate to ask.
During the semester, you'll need regular access to the Internet and email. Because the course home page is the main locus of the class community, you are responsible for reading and keeping current with all content posted there, including what has been submitted by both the instructor and your fellow students. You'll be responsible for configuring your system to access course materials, to read course email and participate in online discussions, and to submit your work. Very early in the semester, you will be asked to demonstrate that you can meet these responsibilities:
If at any time you have problems accessing the Internet from home, you'll need to find a public lab or connection point. Problems with computers will not be an excuse for falling behind or failing to complete required assignments. If your Internet service goes down, use another computer. If your computer breaks, use another computer. In other words, find a way to complete the assignments on time. Because computer problems are a fact of life, always work to complete your assignments early and make frequent backups to multiple media.
Teamwork is a required component of the course. You and your project team members are responsible for updating one another and me about assignment development and progress. In addition, you also are responsible for negotiating together all aspects of your work, including planning, drafting, revising, file managing, and scheduling of assignments. When a collaborative project is assigned, you will receive explicit guidelines for successful collaboration. Individual group members will complete Collaborative Evaluation Forms. For more information about good principles of collaboration, see the brochure, Group Work and Collaborative Writing <http://dhc.ucdavis.edu/vohs/>.
Attendance is required at all scheduled electronic and face-to-face (F2F) meetings. Since you will be working in project teams much of the semester, you also will be required to attend any scheduled out-of-class meetings with your team to complete course assignments. Excused absences may be granted for religious holidays or university-sponsored events, provided you make a written request to me no less than two weeks in advance and that you complete any required work before the due date. Being excessively or regularly late for class or team meetings, both electronic and F2F, can also be counted as an absence. You will be counted absent if:
Being counted absent will have the following effect on your final grade:
University attendance policy can be found here: Class Attendance & Absence Reporting Policy
Purdue students and their instructors are expected to adhere to guidelines set forth by the Dean of Students in "Academic Integrity: A Guide for Students," which students are encouraged to read here:
"Academic Integrity: A Guide for Students"
The preamble of this guide states the following: "Purdue University values intellectual integrity and the highest standards of academic conduct. To be prepared to meet societal needs as leaders and role models, students must be educated in an ethical learning environment that promotes a high standard of honor in scholastic work. Academic dishonesty undermines institutional integrity and threatens the academic fabric of Purdue University. Dishonesty is not an acceptable avenue to success. It diminishes the quality of a Purdue education, which is valued because of Purdue's high academic standards."
Academic dishonesty is defined as follows: "Purdue prohibits "dishonesty in connection with any University activity. Cheating, plagiarism, or knowingly furnishing false information to the University are examples of dishonesty." [University Regulations, Part V, Section III, B, 2, a] Furthermore, the University Senate has stipulated that "the commitment of acts of cheating, lying, and deceit in any of their diverse forms (such as the use of substitutes for taking examinations, the use of illegal cribs, plagiarism, and copying during examinations) is dishonest and must not be tolerated. Moreover, knowingly to aid and abet, directly or indirectly, other parties in committing dishonest acts is in itself dishonest." [University Senate Document 72-18, December 15, 1972]"
If you have any questions about this policy, please ask.
In the event of a major campus emergency, course requirements, deadlines and grading percentages are subject to changes that may be necessitated by a revised semester calendar or other circumstances. You can acquire updated information from the course website, by emailing me, or by contacting me through the English Department at 765-494-3740.
As a rule, missed class assignments cannot be made up. If a serious and unavoidable problem arises, however, you should contact me in writing prior to the deadline to determine whether or not an extension for the work will or will not be granted. Under no circumstances will extensions be granted if contact is not made prior to the deadline.
All course handouts, guides, and readings can be found here.
To get started with ENGL 420, you'll need to complete a few steps, which include
Registering for the course website
To get started with ENGL 420, you'll also need to complete this second step:
Logging in for the first time
To get started with ENGL 420, you'll also need to complete this third step, which will take a bit more time than the previous two.
Editing your account for the first time
Once you've logged in successfully, you need to edit your account and provide some additional information about yourself.

The following steps ask you to complete information for your profile. This will enable the instructor and fellow students to learn a little more about you and help the instructor tailor this class to your background and goals, as well as arrange collaborative projects, if any.

That's it! You have completed all the steps of the Getting Started process. If you ever need to change any of the information, you can always edit these pages again.
If you have any trouble along the way, please be sure to let your instructor know.
Some of you may be in search of an avatar or image to use in the profile that you created for yourself when you registered. If so, here are some suggestions:
An avatar is just an image that "stands-in" for your picture and can be an object, artwork, a photo, or something else that might convey some aspect of your identity, personality, or interests. So, for example, someone interested in biking might use an image of a bike as an avatar rather than a personal picture. The image works best if it's in jpg, gif, or png format, and the dimensions should be (about) 85x85 so that it displays correctly (and doesn't get squished when displayed, for example).
To find an existing avatar to use for free, you could look at a site like these. If you have a Yahoo! ID (free to get, if not), you can get some nice ones:
or try
You could also take an existing image of yourself and then create a picture by cropping out the part you don't want. If you haven't used an image editing program before, that can be a bit tricky. But if you have, just use the crop tool to draw a box around the part of the image you want to use, crop it, and then resize it so that it's about 85x85 pixels.
If you have a larger photo and would like help to make it into an avatar, send it to your instructor as an email attachment. Your instructor can help you from there.
For this class, you'll have to learn at least one HTML tag, the one for making hyperlinks.
It's easy to learn. Check it out:

Your link will now show up in your test.
Here is how you make links in traditional HTML coding. Still easy, but it doesn't show up with our rich-text settings and input format.
<a href=""></a>
is the tag itself without any information in it. Within the quotes, you'll put the url, or web address, for the site which you want to link to. In between the ><, you'll put the text you want displayed on the screen.
For example, the url for slashdot is http://slashdot.org/. And if you want to make the word Slashdot a link in a sentence to the website in a blog post, type in,
<a href="http://slashdot.org/">Slashdot</a> is a well known community blog site.
To get
Slashdot is a well known community blog site.
HTML is picky and it's easy to make a careless mistake. Don't include any extra spaces in the HTML tag. Make sure that you include "http://" as a part of your web address. In fact, one of the easiest ways to make sure that you get the URL correct is to copy and paste it from the address bar of a browser window currently displaying the page.
See? Not too difficult. But there's one more thing . . . .
Avoid merely posting the URL as a link:
Notice how this doesn't convey much information. Better to have put the page title (often found either on the page or in the window bar at the top) or link to part of your text (think of the examples in this site). At the same time, really long URL's won't word wrap at the end of a line. They may cause problems with the way that text is displayed on web pages.
Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format created by Adobe Acrobat and useful for sharing printer ready versions of documents. Unlike when files are shared between different productivity applications (i.e., word processing, spreadsheet) or different versions of the same productivity software, the same layout and typographic styles are maintained regardless of the computer environment. What the author sees when creating a PDF is exactly what the receiver of the file sees and can print out on their computer. Consequently, PDFs are particularly useful for sending resumes, cover letters, and other business documents where layout and presentation is critica. Writers want all of the effort they put into formatting professional-looking documents to be maintained.
PDFs are typically viewed using Adobe Reader (which is free to download). However, Adobe Reader will not produce PDFs. As you will soon be submitting drafts of cover letters, resumes, and other documents in PDF format, make sure that you can successfully generate a PDF using one of the following means:
Though you are all probably aware of these general e-mail guidelines, it is always a good professional practice to review the standards of a particular professional community or culture. To ensure your understanding of these principles, e-mails that do not follow these guidelines will now be returned unanswered. If your e-mail is returned unanswered, it means I have not acknowledged the content of your e-mail. Reformat your e-mail and send it to me again.
In line with the principles and practices of the course, these guidelines, and their enforcement, are not designed to be a punitive measure; they are designed to introduce (and induce) good professional habits.
Here's a good PowerPoint on E-mail Ethics.
Imagine the following scenario:
You have a great idea for a project for your department at work. Because it will require significant resources and funding, the senior manager in your department has asked you to prepare a ten-page proposal.
After working on the proposal for a while, the senior manager sends you an email requesting to see your draft in progress. The proposal is far from complete, but you fire off a reply saying "Here is my working draft," and attach it. The next day, you receive another email from the senior manager full of feedback which you are obligated to take. However, the feedback asks you to revise your proposal in new directions, quite contrary to what you had planned, effectively taking over the direction of the proposal. You now have to discard many good ideas you had for development. Those sections where you knew you needed the most help--they were not addressed at all.
This happens all the time in getting response to our writing. We get proofreading corrections when we need ideas; we get heavy revision suggestions when the draft needs to be proofread to meet a deadline.
To elicit useful and focused responses from readers (during peer review, for example), we must solicit good response. In the above scenario, if the writer had explained to the senior manager where she needed help in the draft and what her plans were for further development, it's quite possible that the feedback would have been more focused and helpful. So when asking for feedback on a document, explain to the responder
Once you've defined your needs, your reviewer is more likely to shape their feedback effectively for you. As a reviewer, it's much easier to address the writer's concerns than to try to guess what might or might not be useful to the writer.
Adapted from Lisa Ede’s Work in Progress, 4 th Edition. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1998.
The form attached to this message (in Word, fill-in format) is used for every collaborative project in this class. You should complete the form and submit it to the instructor privately, when you turn in your project or by email, on or before the project is due.
The information is used to help the instructor determine individual grades for a team project.

Posting comments, as you will soon see, is easier than creating and sending an email.
If you don't see an add new comment link, you are most likely not logged in.
Note: You can use the Comment viewing options to change the way that comments are displayed on the page. Experiment with this feature and see which configuration works best for you.
Posting to your individual weblog is a little more complex than posting a comment, but after a couple of times, you'll find it as easy as email.
Notes:
For the first day of class, you'll want to explore some of the features of the site. This document gives an overview of a few features you might want to take a look at that will help you to navigate the site.
In the header visible at the top of every page, you'll find one row of links:

Once you've logged in to the site, directly beneath the header on the left, you'll find the main navigation block, accessible from every page:
The navigation block is your gateway to many areas of the site useful for creating and viewing content and managing your work. For example,
All of our course materials on the site are integrated into the course guide:
The course guide is a hypertext with many levels of pages.
Posting comments and replies to the reading responses and drafts of others will be a primary means of class interaction and discussion. Instructors may promote blog posts to the front page of the course website. There, everyone will respond to and discuss the readings, drafts, or other work posted to our course website. The course description explains the purpose of this coursework:
All comments and replies to another's blog post should follow effective rhetorical strategies for networking with others on the Web. (Readings from the course text or handouts may provide additional guidelines to follow.)
When commenting and replying to blog posts on the course's front page, you are required to
You should also
For those of you wishing to do more than the minimum requirements of the course, you might visit the class website additional times per week and post new comments and/or replies to any of the blog posts.
You'll do a lot of the writing for this class in your individual weblog space on the course website. You can access your weblog via your my account page.
One way to think of a weblog or blog is as a journal. However, unlike a journal that you might keep at home (as well as most if not all of the writing you have done in school before), your blog space is public. Your fellow class members will be invited to read your blog. Classmates will respond to your posts with comments and replies. Group members will review notes you take when doing research. And, of course, since it's on the Internet, other Web readers may encounter your writing and take a look at what you have to say.
There are many uses for weblogs, but we'll only use them for a few things here. During this class, you'll be asked to use your course weblog to
In addition to the individual weblog space that everyone has, the home page of our course website is a community blog space where anyone can post. While most of your blog writing will be posted to your individual weblog, we'll use the home page as a place to promote discussion among all class members. For example,
Good Blogging Practices
To Learn More
Each week, you will be responsible for creating a reading response. Each reading response should be specifically focused on the reading and the prompt provided on the calendar, clearly indicate that you have read and thought seriously about the reading, and be sufficiently developed. Reading responses should be 300 words or longer. Post your reading response as a blog entry and tag it "Reading Response" or use the tag provided in the prompt itself.
Sometimes, you and each of your group members will be assigned to post your reading response to the course home page by submitting a story. The posts on the course home page will then be the focus of full class discussion. Selected reading responses will also be promoted to the front page for more lively community discussion.
In composing your reading response you should:
Because you will have a weekly record at the end of the project, your project log will help you to complete the Peer Collaboration Evaluation Form due at the end of each project. Project logs also provide evidence of each group member's contribution to the project. And detailed project logs lend more credibility to your evaluation of others in your Peer Collaboration Evaluation Form.
After college, you may find keeping a project log useful in your professional career:
At least once a week, post a short report to your weblog covering all of the following:
Remember. Your project logs are public and can be read by other group members. Be diplomatic. Do not write about what other group members failed to do or negatively evaluate their participation. Simply record what others have agreed to do and the tasks which they have completed. You will have ample opportunity to assess the work of others at the end of the project.
You can of course post more than once a week.
At some point in the semester, almost everyone is likely to have some questions and concerns about how to complete an assignment.
Know that all class members are encouraged to respond to questions--not just the teachers--so that we can discuss the assignments. If you can help clarify or answer any concerns of your classmates, please do so. Plus, participating in these discussions is one way to demonstrate more effort than just the minimum requirements of the class.
While some of you might think, "I'd rather just email the teacher directly," sharing your concerns on the class website can benefit everyone. Each blog post and comments on the next week's assignments will be a resource that everyone can use. The question you ask might help someone later, someone who hasn't thought about the assignment in the way that you have. Yet, they still might arrive at the same question later on. They need only read through the blog and comments to find the question that you already posted, as well as an answer.
If you feel you need a more immediate response, still post your question or concerns, then email your instructor, who will be sure to respond to your email by replying to your comment ASAP.
If you have something personal to discuss, something not to be shared with the rest of the class, you are, of course, welcome to email your instructor privately.
Follow the links at the bottom of this page for a schedule of assignments for each week this semester. Within each week, you will find daily listings of assignments. Each bullet point for the day is a different task for you to complete. Unless specifically noted otherwise, all assignments are to be completed before class on the day listed.
This course calendar may be updated throughout the semester. I'll notify you about any major changes, but you are still responsible for keeping up with the current schedule.
IMPORTANT: You must visit all of the links provided within the course calendar. There are many links to follow and read. Make sure you visit all of them. Some links provide easy access to other parts of the class site which will help you in your assignments. Some links are to required readings. Others provide you with detailed instructions on completing the assignments. Eventually, you may come to know the instructions which supplement assignments that are repeated throughout the course, but it's still a good idea to continue to revisit the instructions to make sure that you are satisfying all of the requirements.
Monday 1/7
Wednesday 1/9
Friday 1/11
I will create a post on the course home page inviting everyone to introduce themselves. Post a comment to that post in which you:
- Describe where you are from
- Give your course of study and year
- Talk about your career goals
- Tell what you would like to get out of this course
- Share at least one thing personal about yourself (a hobby, your favorite sport, a favorite activity, etc.
Monday 1/14
Wednesday 1/16
Friday 1/18
Monday 1/21
Wednesday 1/23
Friday 1/25
PEER EDITING WEEK
Monday 1/28
Wednesday 1/30
Friday 2/1
Monday 2/4
Wednesday 2/6
Friday 2/8
Monday 2/11
Wednesday 2/13
Friday 2/15
Monday 2/18
Wednesday 2/20
Friday 2/22
Monday 2/25
Wednesday 2/27
Friday 2/29
Monday 3/3
Wednesday 3/5
Friday 3/7
Next Week: Spring Break! Enjoy and see you on 3/17.
Monday 3/17
Wednesday 3/19
Friday 3/21
Monday 3/24
Wednesday 3/26
Friday 3/28
Monday 3/31
Wednesday 4/2
Friday 4/4
Monday 4/7
Wednesday 4/9
Friday 4/11
Monday 4/14
Wednesday 4/16
Friday 4/18
Monday 4/21
Wednesday 4/23
Friday 4/25
Exam schedule in effect. Class does not meet.
Descriptions of major course projects are listed here.
During the Employment Project, you will learn strategies for seeking and securing employment, with particular attention to the documents people normally use to represent themselves and their prospects to potential employers (see "Deliverables" below). This project asks you to work individually, but there will also be chances for you to work with your peers to exchange ideas and feedback.
You will be asked to locate a real and specific job for which you are qualified and prepare the application materials for it. If you already have a good job, you'll find one that would be an advance for you, then prepare application materials for that position. Step 1 of the project asks you to learn about and use various web-based resources for job seekers and ultimately to select one real job to pursue. Step 2 asks you to prepare a print resume suitable for that specific position. Step 3 asks you to prepare the all-important cover letter (i.e., "Job Application Letter"). In Step 4, you will assess your experience in a "Project Assessment Document." In the process of completing each step, you will work closely with your peers and me to shape your writing so that it represents you and your experience fully and effectively for the particular job to which you are applying.
*You will not simply create general documents (templates), but rather documents specifically tailored to the job you have chosen to apply for. This project focuses on teaching you the importance of making rhetorical choices that will help you be successful in the job hunt.
Step 1: Job Description and Rationale. Produce an exact copy of the job announcement, a one-paragraph description of the position in your own words, and a two-paragraph discussion of why you have chosen this position and why you believe you are qualified for it. Not counting the actual job announcement, Step 1 should be approximately 300-500 words in length. For some guiding questions to consider, refer to the attachment at the bottom of the page (Job Description and Rationale).
Step 2: Print Resume. Your print resume (one or more pages in length, depending upon the type of job and the depth of your experience) should adapt features drawn from the samples discussed in class or available for review at the Online Writing Lab. It's critical that you shape your resume to the specific job you have chosen to apply for (that it's suited to the context), so be sure to include only the relevant aspects of your professional experience. As will be the case in the Job Application Letter, your writing needs to be error-free, concise, and presented in an easily readable format. Part of this step is generating references which are appropriate for the position, which will be presented professionally whether they are part of your resume or not.
Step 3: Job Application Letter. The job application letter (or "cover letter") is critical to your efforts to secure a job, perhaps as critical as your resume itself. For Project 1, your letter should be no longer than one or two pages (one is preferable in most cases), following the suggestions and models discussed during class. (See below under resources for more information.)
Step 4: Project Assessment Document. As you near the end of your work on the Employment Project, prepare a two-page overview and analysis of your deliverables and the process you used to complete them. Your Project Assessment Document should answer most of the following questions, each of which is tied to the major goals of the assignment:
|
Writing in Context: |
How did the particular job you applied for affect how you wrote your letter? Did it change or affect how you presented yourself? How did applying for this position help you understand aspects of your experience you might need to develop more? |
|
Process: |
What was the most challenging document to produce and why? Briefly describe and explain one of the significant revisions you made to this document after your initial draft. |
|
Research: |
Which research resource proved to be the most beneficial for you? The least? Explain. |
|
Collaboration: |
What was one way that peer feedback helped you improve your work? How did responding to the work of others help you improve your own work? |
|
Project Management: |
How well did you plan your work on this project? What might you have done differently? |
|
Document Design: |
What is the most effective aspect of your deliverables in terms of presentation or design? Have you deliberately adapted a standard form in an unusual or creative way? If so, why? |
Your Project Assessment Document is due when you turn in your completed Employment Project.
All four deliverables should be fully revised and submitted by the due date which can be found on the course calendar. The full project needs to be submitted in a manilla envelope.
Purdue's OWL
Purdue Center for Career Opportunities
The Riley Guide
To prepare, review the OWL tutorials: Resume Workshop (Powerpoint) and the Online Resume Tutorial
The Employment Project is worth 25% of your course grade. The breakdown for each of its components is as follows:
When I assign a grade to your project, I will pay particular attention to see whether you have effectively adapted your documents to the job for which you have applied. Your writing will need to be precise, accurate, and well-suited to the context (the job/field) and to the rhetorical situation (in terms of tone, style, and content). In this case, a generic, catch-all resume and cover letter will not satisfy the requirements of the project and will result in a failing grade (e.g. using one you created in another class).
Really, your employment documents (resume and cover letter) should receive one of three grades: A = You will get the call for an interview, B = Your documents were put in the "read more closely" pile on the HR directors desk, and F = Your documents were thrown away and/or you get the rejection letter.
Project 2: White Papers and Presentations
During the White Paper Project, you will learn to identify ethical, controversial, or technological issues or problems relevant to a professional setting, to research and synthesize information, and to present that information in an objective fashion which calls your audience to action. Although this project involves some individual elements, the majority of the project is the result of collaboration.
Project Summary
In this project, groups of 3-4 members will be asked to do web-based and library research and then to write an informative white paper on methods for addressing (solutions) to a contemporary issue--which may be ethical, controversial, or unresolved. For instance, you might examine the electronic commerce, digital communication and workflow, and content management systems in business and educational contexts, p2p file sharing and copyright law, safety issues, identity theft, or a host of others. This research will result in a visually sophisticated (well-designed) document of 1700-2000 words that presents findings to appropriate audience(s) and rhetorical situation(s). Ultimately, you will propose THREE solutions to your issue, in an even-handed way. This will not be a compare and contrast paper where you campaign for one of the solutions. Rather, you will advocate EQUALLY for all three solutions. After producing the final draft of the white paper, groups will present their findings to the class in a brief and engaging oral presentation, complete with PowerPoint and handout(s).
White Paper. A white paper is an informative and definitive overview of a well-focused topic. White papers typically include an "Executive Summary," "Background Information," "Key Issues" or "Key Developments," "Resource List," and a number of other sections, depending on the nature of the subject matter (a chronology, remaining challenges, future prospects, etc.)
Rhetorical Situation: The primary audience for your white paper consists of readers who are concerned in implementing solutions to the problem you are addressing (there are many levels of audience). Though they are experts in their field, their awareness of the issue and their familiarity with the technology and policies needed to address the issue will vary based on particular audiences. The purpose of the white paper is to identify a problem and provide objective information which could lead to a solution if implemented.
Length and Format: The length of your white paper will depend somewhat on your choice of topics, but should be within 1700-2000 words (formatting will vary based on the design employed by each group, but every white paper should be visually sophisticated.)
Info About White Papers:
How to Write a White Paper by Michael Knowles
How to Write a White Paper – A White Paper on White Papers
OTHER ARTICLES (that support the persuasive nature of the white paper):
The Steak Behind the Sizzle: Effective Marketing Using White Papers
Project Goals
This project emphasizes several important goals that all professional writers should bear in mind and that are consistent with those of the Professional Writing Program at Purdue. The White Paper Project emphasizes shaping research, writing, and design to very specific situations and purposes:
Writing in Context
Analyze professional cultures, social contexts, and audiences to determine how they shape the various purposes and forms of writing, such as persuasion, organizational communication, and public discourse.
Writing Process
Develop and understand various strategies for planning, researching, drafting, revising, and editing documents that respond effectively and ethically to professional situations and audiences.
Collaboration
Learn and apply strategies for successful collaboration, such as working and communicating on-line with colleagues, setting and achieving project goals, and responding constructively to peers' work.
Research
Understand and use various research methods to produce professional documents, including analyzing professional contexts, assessing and using information resources, and determining how various media and technologies affect and are affected by users and readers.
Technology
Develop strategies for using and adapting various communication technologies to manage projects and produce informative and usable professional documents.
Document Design
Learn to argue with visual data, understanding and implementing various principles of format, layout, and design of professional documents that meet multiple user and reader needs.
Deliverables
There will be both group and individual deliverables for this project. Groups will be responsible for the following:
Group Deliverable 1: Proposal. You will have the opportunity to review individual proposals on Drupal and to discuss possibilities and form groups. Each group will turn in one hardcopy of a 250 word topic proposal, in the form of a memo. This memo will include information about the topic under consideration, the potential solutions to be examined, and possible resources. Follow the guidelines for memo writing outlined at Purdue's Owl. Remember that you are selling an idea -- this is a persuasive, not descriptive, document. This means presenting the problem or issue as worthy of consideration, and the solutions as relevant, while demonstrating the feasibility of the project within the parameters of the assignment.
Group Deliverable 2 and 3: Draft and Final Copy of White Paper. Each group will be required to have 5 hardcopies of their white paper (must be printed before class) in class for peer review. Remember that a draft is a complete version.
Group Deliverable 4: Presentation. Each group will present their material to the class in a professional presentation. Presentations will run 10-12 minutes. They must include multimedia elements and be accompanied by a handout. Each group member will be expected to take part in the presentation. **NOTE: Your multimedia element can be anything from a PowerPoint to a slide show to a video - however, it must be something that your group has produced yourselves.
Individuals within groups will be responsible for the following deliverables:
Individual Deliverable 1: Drupal Group Forum. Each individual will post a project topic on the blog (professionally written with a subject heading Topic Proposal: ____ ). Every student will then respond to other posts to ensure that they have negotiated a topic and a group.
Individual Deliverable 2: Drupal Research & Work(b)log. Each individual will be required to keep a blog which a) records their research and b) details their contributions to the project. Each student will be expected to have four research posts with annotations. Worklogs will be updated weekly until the project concludes.
Individual Deliverable 3: Project Assessment. An important component of your project is successful collaboration. Each member will reflect on their participation in the project and on the experience of working in a group. Collaborative evaluation form attached below as a word document - type your answers in this document and turn in the class after your group presentation.
Grading
The White Paper Project breakdowns as follows:
Group D 1: Proposal: 5%
Group D 2: White Paper Draft: 5%
Group D 3: White Paper Final: 50%
Group D 4: Presentation: 25%
Individual D 1: Discussion Board / Topic Negotiation: 5%
Individual D 2: Research & WorkBlog: 5%
Individual D 3: Assessment: 5%
Grading Criteria
When I assign a grade to your project, I will pay particular attention to see whether your white paper is informative and accurate and that you avoid as much as possible arguing a particular position. You should strive for a balance of perspectives and accurate coverage of a focused topic. The point is not to advocate for a position or "pamphleteer," but to establish a foundation of knowledge about the subject that future students and researchers will find useful. I will also weigh your feedback on the Collaborative Project Evaluation form attached at the bottom of the page.
More White Paper Resources:
Sample White Paper (fairly short)
Project 3: Client-Based Service Learning Project
Thus far, you have produced several rhetorical documents, both as individuals and as groups. You have created text and images in order to persuade various audiences of decision makers. In the Employment Project, you created resumes and cover letters with fairly straightforward arguments: “I am the best person for a particular position in a particular organization.” That is, you should decide to give me the job.
In the White Paper project, you faced a more complex rhetorical situation. White papers have to begin by convincing the audiences that there is a problem that needs to be addressed. Then, they have to anticipate objections and propose viable solutions. All the while, the white paper has to spur the audience to action. Unlike the employment project, however, the white paper project required collaboration not only within your groups, but also with the audience you imagined for the project. Though the paper did not address an actual audience, it still had to address stakeholders with varying background knowledge, interests, and power.
Project Summary
For this project, groups of 2-4 members will be asked to locate a real world client and negiotiate a reasonable and mutually beneficial writing project which will be completed by the end of the semester. In working with community members, students will operate in a real world writing environment that requires collaboration with their group, their organization, and their instructor to complete the project by semester's end. It is each group's responsibility to establish their own client and project, though all clients and projects are subject to instructor approval. The instructor will veto any project for an organization which has individuals from the group as members or employees, as well as organizations which have formal marketing departments. The instructor will also veto any project for an organization that has an individual from the group as a family member/close friend. Students are encouraged to work with non-profit organizations, academic departments, and small businesses. Clients must be in the West Lafayette/Lafayette community. Past projects included the following:
It is crucial that projects are appropriate in length and content. The project needs to take roughly six weeks to produce, so project options too small or ambitious may need some revision. It is also crucial that the project is mutually beneficial; the work needs to be of importance to the organization and educational for the students. For potential organizations, check out the United Way, Purdue's website, or the Journal and Courier List of Lafayette Organizations.
Project Goals
This project emphasizes several important goals that all professional writers should bear in mind and that are consistent with those of Professional Writing at Purdue. The Public Document Project emphasizes the collaborative writing process in context. It will include research specific of the organization and will require appropriate technology in producing a document designed to meet the organization's specific needs:
Writing in Context Analyze professional cultures, social contexts, and audiences to determine how they shape the various purposes and forms of writing, such as persuasion, organizational communication, and public discourse.
Writing Process Develop and understand various strategies for planning, researching, drafting, revising, and editing documents that respond effectively and ethically to professional situations and audiences.
Collaboration Learn and apply strategies for successful collaboration, such as working and communicating on-line with colleagues, setting and achieving project goals, and responding constructively to peers' work.
Research Understand and use various research methods to produce professional documents, including analyzing professional contexts, assessing and using information resources, and determining how various media and technologies affect and are affected by users and readers.
Technology Develop strategies for using and adapting various communication technologies to manage projects and produce informative and usable professional documents.
Document Design Learn to argue with visual data, understanding and implementing various principles of format, layout, and design of professional documents that meet multiple user and reader needs.
Deliverables
There will be both group and individual deliverables for this project, though group work composes the majority of the project and grade.
Groups will be responsible for the following:
Group Deliverable 1: Short Memo
This 300-word memo should inform the instructor of your group members, and suggest three organizations the group will contact and the kinds of projects/deliverables (needs) that the group is interested in undertaking. This will be composed before meeting with potential clients.
Group Deliverable 2: Formal Proposal
In this detailed, 2 page project proposal, groups will propose and plan out the scope and specifics of their project. Each group proposal will serve two functions: to inform the instructor of the project so that it may be approved, and to serve as a contract between the group and client. A copy will be delivered to the client after approval by the instructor. Remember that this is a persuasive document serving multiple functions for multiple audiences. Ultimately, this document is written to your client, not me. This proposal must include the following elements:
The proposal should also address project goals and deliverables:
Group Deliverable 3: Weekly Progress Posts
Every week, each group will post updates to the Forums that inform the instructor of their progress on the project. These posts should include tasks completed, meetings conducted with group and client (if necessary), any problems encountered, and goals for the following week. Posts should also evaluate group progress in regard to the timetable established in the proposal.
Group Deliverable 4: Rough Draft
A rough draft of the project which meets standards for a draft negiotiated between group and client. Drafts will be turned in one week prior to submission to client. (Drafts should be submitted to clients after conferences.)
Group Deliverable 5: Presentation
Your presentation to the class serve as the "practice run" for the presentation of your materials to your client. Therefore, you should do everything in front of the class that you plan on doing when you go to your client's business/organization to present them with your final project (this includes what you plan to wear, hand out, and explain about the materials you've produced for them). You will not be allowed to do a PowerPoint presentation. You need to focus on communicating an idea - explain what the company/organization can do with your materials, how to change them in the future, and even what you learned from working with them.
Group Deliverable 6: Final Project
A final project submitted to instructor for evaluation and comment. This will be submitted to instructor before submission to client.
Individual Deliverable 1: Project Assessment Document
A final project assessment submitted to instructor.
Individual Deliverable 2: Peer Evaluation Collaboration Form
Attached.
Grading Percentages:
Grading Criteria
The final documents will be graded on how well they meet client needs and professional writing standards. Because of the unique nature of the project, groups will be graded based on a specific set of standards created for their project. These standards will vary greatly between projects, and are partly the result of negiotiations between client, groups, and instructor. Projects cannot be revised after final evaluation. The ultimate goal of this project is to produce deliverables that your clients will actually use, so it will be graded with that in mind.